@article{AHMAD_MOHD DAUD_RUKAYADI_ABDELHADI_YUSOFF_KAMARUDIN_2021, title={SCREENING OF SELECTED MALAYSIAN HERBS AS THE POTENTIAL BROAD SPECTRUM ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT AGAINST BACTERIAL DISEASES OF FISH}, volume={50}, url={https://jms.mabjournal.com/index.php/mab/article/view/1504}, DOI={10.55230/mabjournal.v50i1.1504}, abstractNote={<p><span class="fontstyle0">The control of fish disease is mostly based on synthetic antimicrobial agents. Indiscriminate usage of antimicrobial agents has resulted in antibiotics resistance. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the potential antimicrobial properties of herbal plants as an alternative antimicrobial agent. The susceptibility of fish pathogens namely </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Bacillus </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">sp., </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>Enterococcus</em> <em>faecalis</em></span><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Staphylococcus aureus</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Streptococcus agalactiae</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Aeromonas hydrophila</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Escherichia coli</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Pseudomonas aeruginosa </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Vibrio alginolyticus </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">towards aqueous and methanolic extracts of </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>Cosmos</em> <em>caudatus</em></span><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Curcuma mangga</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Justicia gendarussa</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Piper betle </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Zingiber zerumbet </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">were assessed using the agar well diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays. The methanolic extracts were found active against all tested bacteria, compared to aqueous extracts. The best antibacterial activity was demonstrated by methanolic extract of </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">P. betle</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, followed by </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Z</span><span class="fontstyle0">. </span><span class="fontstyle2">zerumbet</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C</span><span class="fontstyle0">. </span><span class="fontstyle2">caudatus</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">C</span><span class="fontstyle0">. </span><span class="fontstyle2">mangga </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">J</span><span class="fontstyle0">. </span><span class="fontstyle2">gendarussa</span></em><span class="fontstyle0">, with the lowest MIC and MBC values of 0.39 and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively. The methanolic extracts of </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">P. betle </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><span class="fontstyle2"><em>Z. zerumbet</em> </span><span class="fontstyle0">also had greater inhibitory effects than some of the commercial antibiotics, particularly tetracycline and erythromycin. Overall findings suggested that the methanolic extracts of </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">P. betle </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">and </span><em><span class="fontstyle2">Z. zerumbet </span></em><span class="fontstyle0">are potential to be developed as new antimicrobial agents to prevent fish bacterial diseases.</span></p>}, number={1}, journal={Malaysian Applied Biology}, author={AHMAD, SYAHIDAH and MOHD DAUD, HASSAN and RUKAYADI, YAYA and ABDELHADI, YASSER MOHAMED and YUSOFF, NOR ASMA HUSNA and KAMARUDIN, MOHD SALLEH}, year={2021}, month={Jun.}, pages={157–168} }