@article{HASHIM_MOHD ZULKEFFLI_ABIDIN_HASSIM_SANTHANAM_2020, title={COMMERCIAL EYE DROPS TRIGGERS NECROTIC EFFECT IN Acanthamoeba sp.}, volume={49}, url={https://jms.mabjournal.com/index.php/mab/article/view/1592}, DOI={10.55230/mabjournal.v49i4.1592}, abstractNote={<p>Eye infection due to microbial infection is hard to treat and painful. Two types of eye drops that are commonly used to relieve eye pain offered by pharmacists have been tested in this study namely solution A (containing tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride) and solution B (containing gentamicin and dexamethasone). The efficacy and the activities of these eye drops were tested on <em>Acanthamoeba </em>sp. (a clinical isolate from an <em>Acanthamoeba </em>keratitis patient) to study the cytotoxicity effects of the solutions on the <em>Acanthamoeba. </em>The <em>Acanthamoeba </em>were exposed to solution A and B for 24 hr and cell viability was assessed using MTT assays, morphological changes using the light microscope and through acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining for cytoplasmic biochemical activities. The IC<sub>50</sub> value for <em>Acanthamoeba </em>cell viability was 45.1% and 20.3% for solutions A and B respectively. Morphological observation shows the inhibition of acanthapodia formation on the surface of the cells. Solution A and B-treated <em>Acanthamoeba </em>appeared in the red color of the cytoplasm upon staining with AO/PI indicating a necrotic mode of cell death. This is due to loss of membrane integrity of <em>Acanthamoeba </em>cell membrane after exposed to solution A and B at their IC<sub>50</sub> value. It is shown that solutions A and B can cause cell death in trophozoite of <em>Acanthamoeba </em>cells at moderate IC<sub>50</sub> value. Unfortunately, the necrosis mode of cell death is not a preferable type of cell death for treating <em>Acanthamoeba </em>infection. Therefore, it can be concluded that solutions A and B are not suitable to treat eye infected with <em>Acanthamoeba </em>sp. as it does not promise absolute healing as the solution concentration needed is quite high and the cell death mechanism is necrosis.</p>}, number={4}, journal={Malaysian Applied Biology}, author={HASHIM, FATIMAH and MOHD ZULKEFFLI, NUR A’FIEFAH BINTI and ABIDIN, ZAFIRAH NAJWA ZAINAL and HASSIM, MUHAMAD FAIRUS NOOR and SANTHANAM, RAMESH KUMAR}, year={2020}, month={Dec.}, pages={85–90} }