Proximate Nutritional Analysis, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Properties of Aqueous Extract of Neptunia oleracea Leaves

Siti Syafinaz Kamaruzzaman; Che Ku Afina Haida Che Ku Mazuan; Shamima  Abdul Rahman; Imtiaz Khalid Mohamed; Zolkapli  Eshak; Mahani  Mahadi

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2696

Authors

Siti Syafinaz Kamaruzzaman Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Che Ku Afina Haida Che Ku Mazuan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Shamima Abdul Rahman Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-7991
Imtiaz Khalid Mohamed Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia
Zolkapli Eshak Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Technology MARA (UiTM), Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5992-9664
Mahani Mahadi
mahani@cyberjaya.edu.my
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Malaysia

Keywords:

Antioxidant, macronutrient, micronutrient, phytochemical constituents

Abstract

Neptunia oleracea also known as water mimosa is widely consumed by people worldwide including Malaysia. This plant was claimed able to treat several diseases such as epileptic convulsion, syphilis, jaundice, and bloody diarrhea. Moreover, it has been reported to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-ulcer properties that benefit human health. Hence, this study investigates the content of macronutrients, micronutrients, phytochemical constituents, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant properties in the aqueous leaf extract of this plant. The study found that N. oleracea leaves were possessed with high fiber (52%), moisture (23.33%), fat (5.33%), protein (5.25%), carbohydrate (6.42%), ash (7.67%), and mineral content with a sequence of Potassium > Calcium > Sodium > Phosphorus. A positive result of tannins, steroids, phenols, and flavonoids were detected. High values of TPC and TFC which were 136.19 ± 0.62 mg GAE/g and 829.17 ± 19.09 mg GAE/g of dry weight respectively were obtained. Meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of the plant extract produced an IC50 of 70.09 µg/mL. The presence of a high content of polyphenolic compounds may reflect the antioxidant properties of this plant. In conclusion, the aqueous extract of N. oleracea leaves showed the presence of various phytochemical constituents and has a high content of TPC and TFC which may be derived from its nutritional content. Hence, consumption of N. oleracea leaves is useful for human health and disease prevention.

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