Exploring The Potential of Shrimp Paste (Belacan) and its Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) as a Growth Enhancer for Capsicum annum L. (Chilli) Plants

Khudair J.D. Abedelazeez; Nur Aisyah Syahirah Ahmad Fauzi; Nurazlin Zainuddin; Nurul Solehah Mohd Zaini; Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob; Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v54i2.2991

Authors

Khudair J.D. Abedelazeez Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nur Aisyah Syahirah Ahmad Fauzi Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurazlin Zainuddin Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Nurul Solehah Mohd Zaini Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
muhdhafiz@upm.edu.my
Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Future Food, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Keywords:

auxin, heritage food, plant growth promoting bacteria, phosphate solubilising, sustainability

Abstract

In recent years, there has been growing interest in utilizing Indigenous Microorganisms (IMO) as plant growth-promoting agents, with studies demonstrating their effectiveness in enhancing crop growth. Despite local practices utilizing food-based substrates, limited reports exist on the application of IMO from fermented foods to enhance the growth of Capsicum annum L. (chili) plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Belacan (fermented shrimp paste) as a biofertilizer in promoting the growth of Capsicum annum L. Belacan was supplemented with molasses as a carbon source, and the cultured bacteria were subsequently isolated and identified using nucleotide analysis of the 16S rRNA region. Two major bacterial isolates, Bacillus velezensis, and Lysinibacillus fusiformis, were identified as potential plant-growth-promoting bacteria, with nutrient solubilization and auxin production capability. The application of belacan on chili plants revealed that they significantly enhanced plant growth parameters, including shoot length, leaf length, width, thickness, and chlorophyll content, compared to the control group. These findings suggest that IMO from Malaysian fermented foods hold potential as biofertilizers to promote the growth of chili plants, contributing to the advancement of environmentally friendly and nutritionally rich agriculture.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Abedelazeez, K.J.D., Nurul Solehah, M.Z., Jaafar, A.H., Meor Hussin, A.S., Wan-Mohtar, W.A.A.Q.I. & Abd Rahim, M.H. 2023. Production, organoleptic, and biological activities of belacan (shrimp paste) and pekasam (fermented freshwater fish), the ethnic food from the Malay Archipelago. Sains Malaysiana, 52(4): 1217–1230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5204-14

Ahemad, M. & Kibret, M. 2014. Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria: Current perspective. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 26(1): 1–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2013.05.001

Ali, H., Sallahuddin, N., Ahmed Shamsudin, N.H., Mohd Zain, N.A., Ibrahim, M.H. & Yaacob, J.S. 2022. Abiotic stress induces morphological, physiological, and genetic changes in Orthosiphon Stamineus Benth. in vitro cultures. Horticulturae, 8(2): 153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8020153

Alori, E.T., Glick, B.R. & Babalola, O.O. 2017. Microbial phosphorus solubilization and its potential for use in sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8: 971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00971

Azlan, A., Sultana, S., Huei, C.S. & Razman, M.R. 2022. Antioxidant, anti-obesity, nutritional and other beneficial effects of different chili pepper: A Review. Molecules, 27(3): 898. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27030898

Das, S., Nurunnabi, T.R., Parveen, R., Nur Mou, A., Islam, M.E., Islam, K.M.D. & Rahman, S.M.M. 2019. Isolation and Characterization of Indole Acetic Acid Producing Bacteria from Rhizosphere Soil and their Effect on Seed Germination. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 8(3): 2319-7706. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.803.146

Elhaissoufi, W., Ghoulam, C., Barakat, A., Zeroual, Y. & Bargaz, A. 2022. Phosphate bacterial solubilization: A key rhizosphere driving force enabling higher P use efficiency and crop productivity. Journal of Advanced Research, 38: 13–28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2021.08.014

Kumar, A. & Verma, J.P. 2018. Does plant—microbe interaction confer stress tolerance in plants: a review. Microbiological Research, 207: 41–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2017.11.004

Lamont, J. R., Wilkins, O., Bywater-Ekegärd, M. & Smith, D. L. 2017. From yogurt to yield: Potential applications of lactic acid bacteria in plant production. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 111: 1-9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.03.015

Li, W. 2022. Cooperation vs. competition: microbiome diversity and interactions. Harvard University. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2022/cooperation-vs-competition-microbiome-diversity-and-interactions/ (accessed 7.23.24)

Mohd Zaini, N.S., Idris, H., Yaacob, J.S., Wan-Mohtar, W.A., Putra Samsudin, N.I., Abdul Sukor, A.S., Lim, E.J. & Abd Rahim, M.H. 2022. The potential of fermented food from Southeast Asia as biofertiliser. Horticulturae, 8(2): 102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8020102

Mohd Zaini, N.S., Khudair, J.D.A., Mohsin, Z.A., Jitming Lim, E., Minato, W., Idris, H., Yaacob, J.S. & Abd Rahim, M.H. 2023. Biotransformation of food waste into biofertilisers through composting and anaerobic digestion: a review. Plant, Soil and Environment, 69(9), 409–420. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17221/101/2023-PSE

Muzaifa, M., Murlida, E., Nilda, C., Rozali, Z.F. & Rahmi, F. 2023. Isolation and identification of protease-producing bacteria from belacan depik, a traditional fermented fish of the Gayo tribe. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1177(1): 12038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1177/1/012038

Patten C.L., Glick B.R. 2002. Role of Pseudomonas putida indoleacetic acid in development of the host plant root system. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 68(8): 3795-3801. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.8.3795-3801.2002

Tiwari, S., Prasad, V. & Lata, C. 2019. Chapter 3 - Bacillus: plant growth promoting bacteria for sustainable agriculture and environment. In: New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering. J.S. Singh and D.P. Singh (Eds.). Elsevier. Amsterdam. pp. 43-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64191-5.00003-1

Yu, A.O., Leveau, J.H.J. & Marco, M.L. 2020. Abundance, diversity and plant-specific adaptations of plant-associated lactic acid bacteria. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 12(1): 16–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12794