Toxicity Assessment on Odonata Larvae Survivability in Monitoring Heavy Metal Contaminations

Suhaila Ab Hamid; Ahmad Hadri Jumaat

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v52i6.2652

Authors

Suhaila Ab Hamid
ahsuhaila@usm.my
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
Ahmad Hadri Jumaat Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor

Keywords:

Aquatic insects, aquatic water bodies, bioindicator, Cadmium, Manganese, Zinc.

Abstract

The aquatic ecosystem has been suffering a continuous increase of metal contamination such as Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn), and Manganese (Mn) due to their inadequate high potential to disturb the aquatic organism population. Meanwhile, some insects such as Pseudagrion microcephalum and Ischnura senegalensis can be used as biological indicators to determine stream health. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the heavy metal concentration and its effect on the survivability of two different species of damselfly larvae from the family Coenagrionidae; Pseudagrion microcephalum and Ischnura senegalensis. In this study, there is a significant effect of three heavy metal exposures on the survivability of P.microcephalum (F_11,180=14.50, P=0.00) and I.senegalensis (F_11,180=15.10, P=0.00). Pseudagrion microcephalum is more tolerable towards Mn (F_3,60=13.19, P=0.00) and Zn (F_3,60=16.07, P=0.00) at different concentrations compared to I.senegalensis. In the meantime, I.senegalensis was tolerable to Cd exposure. The LC₅₀ value of Cd was much lower than other heavy metals. Besides, the LT₅₀ value of Cd at 200 mg/L was the lowest on P. microcephalum (31 hr) and I. senegalensis (36 hr) compared to other heavy metals. Cd was the most toxic to P.microcephalum and I.senegalensis larvae followed by zinc and manganese (LC₅₀ & LT₅₀=Cd > Zn > Mn). It is concluded that I.senegalensis was tolerant towards Cd, Mn, and Zn compared to P.microcephalum and Cd had the fastest-acting toxicity and significantly reduced the lethal time of mortality on both species.

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