Prevalence of Parasites in Fish from The Pelagic and Benthic Zones

Juriah Kamaludeen; Mohammad Nasir  Hassan; Masnindah  Malahubban; Kamil Latif; Lirong Yu Abit; Sharifah Salmah Syed Hussain; Suhaili Mustafa; Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad; Muhammad Hakim Mohammad Ali Hanafiah; Paul Bura Thlama; Herinda Pertiwi; Sarah  A. Altwaim

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v52i5.fisas11

Authors

Juriah Kamaludeen
juriahk@upm.edu.my
Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohammad Nasir Hassan Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Masnindah Malahubban Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Kamil Latif Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Lirong Yu Abit Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Sharifah Salmah Syed Hussain Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Suhaili Mustafa Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Muhammad Hakim Mohammad Ali Hanafiah Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
Paul Bura Thlama Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230, Borno State, Nigeria
Herinda Pertiwi Department of Health Studies, Faculty of Vocational Studies Airlangga University, Surabaya 60286 Indonesia
Sarah A. Altwaim Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia

Keywords:

parasite

Abstract

The present research is a comparative study on the prevalence of parasites in marine finfish among the two major marine zones; namely the pelagic zone and benthic zone. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the parasite prevalence in both zones, as well as to determine the effect of differing marine zones regarding the presence of parasites in fish. A total of 30 individual fish occurring in pelagic and benthic zones were randomly selected from three different fishmongers at a wet market in Bintulu, Sarawak. Both the gill and stomach content of the samples were examined to detect the presence of parasites. Nematodes and trematodes were observed in the intestinal tract of the fish, Cymothoa exigua was found attached to the fish tongue, and monogenean parasites were also detected on the gills. The prevalence of the parasite was roughly equal in Setipinna breviceps, Ilisha megaloptera, and Selaroides leptolepis. The highest prevalence of parasites (87.50%) from fish in the benthic zone based on fish size was for fish measuring between 20.1 - 30.00 cm in total length (P-value=0.3778), whereas for pelagic fish, the highest prevalence of parasites (100%) in fish measurements of 30.1 – 40.0 cm in total length (P-value=0.0044). A major factor for the diversity of marine fish parasites occurring in the different zones is the difference in feeding behavior of the hosts and depth distribution which resulted in low or high rates of parasite infestation.

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