The Physiological Effect Of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanopesticide On Aedes aegypti Larvae

Ting Chuan  Hsieh; Syahirah  Zakaria; Siti Khadijah Mohd  Bakhori; Shahrom  Mahmud; Siti Nasuha  Hamzah

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v53i4.3057

Authors

Ting Chuan Hsieh School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Syahirah Zakaria School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Siti Khadijah Mohd Bakhori School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
Shahrom Mahmud School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
Siti Nasuha Hamzah
sitinasuha@usm.my
School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia

Keywords:

Mosquito, nanoparticles, pesticide, zinc oxide

Abstract

Aedes aegypti is responsible for transmitting various mosquito-borne diseases. Recently, there have been concerns about the negative impacts of the insecticides used in vector control including insecticide resistance development in the mosquito population. These circumstances lead to efforts to develop other strategies for controlling mosquito vectors. As technology in nanoparticles advances, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have the potential as the alternative for chemical pesticides for mosquito larvicides due to their optical properties and widespread usage in different industries. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles towards Ae. aegypti larvae and to examine the physiologies of Ae. aegypti mosquito larvae treated with ZnO nanoparticles at LC₅₀ level. Toxicity bioassays were carried out to determine LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values. The larvae surface and midgut treated with LC₅₀ ZnO were examined using the Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles after 4 hr of direct UV exposure against Ae. aegypti larvae were 49.141 mg/L and 64.195 mg/L, respectively. After exposure to ZnO nanoparticles, Ae. aegypti larvae showed morphological abnormalities, including distorted and shrunk body parts as well as midgut rupture. Overall, the findings suggest that ZnO nanoparticles have the potential to replace chemical pesticides as a means of reducing the populations of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes.

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