Types of Intermittent Fasting and Their Effects on Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Shu Xian Gan; Patricia Karissa; Yong Ling Sou; Hui Ching Low; Teck Yew Low; Timothy Simpson; Paulina Pei Suu Tan; Pey Yee Lee; Shamsul Mohd Zain; Wickneswari Ratnam; Yuh Fen Pung

doi:10.55230/mabjournal.v53i3.2766

Authors

Shu Xian Gan Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
Patricia Karissa Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
Yong Ling Sou Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
Hui Ching Low Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
Teck Yew Low UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Timothy Simpson Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
Paulina Pei Suu Tan Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
Pey Yee Lee UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Shamsul Mohd Zain Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Wickneswari Ratnam Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Selangor, Malaysia
Yuh Fen Pung
YuhFen.Pung@nottingham.edu.my
Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-3970

Keywords:

prolonged fasting period, non-communicable diseases, diabetes, dietary intervention

Abstract

Obesity and type II diabetes mellitus affect millions of people both in Malaysia and worldwide due to sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. Intermittent fasting reduces calorie intake by interweaving eating periods with prolonged fasting periods on a recurring basis. Therefore, it could be a potential solution to induce weight loss, leading to improved blood glucose level as observed in type II diabetes mellitus individuals. However, its feasibility remains unclear. This review aimed to compare the beneficial effects and adverse reactions from different types of intermittent fasting in obese and type II diabetes mellitus studies. The review was carried out by combing through several online databases. Keywords such as “Intermittent fasting”, “Obesity”, “Type II Diabetes Mellitus” were used and relevant articles were selected. The findings of this review showed that intermittent fasting is feasible and effective in reducing body weight and improving blood glucose. The beneficial effects of intermittent fasting appear to outweigh the adverse reactions. Having said that, intermittent fasting is unsuitable for individuals with packed schedules and certain health conditions such as pregnancy. This review will hopefully shed light on intermittent fasting as a potential intervention to combat obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. Further exploration of intermittent fasting could reduce both the morbidity and mortality rates from non-communicable diseases globally.

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