Optimization of Different Auxin and Cytokinin Combination in Nutrient Medium for Establishment of Optimal in vitro Multiple Plantlet in Ficus carica L. cv Siyah Orak

https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i5.cp19

Authors

  • Marianna Justin Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, P.O. Box 396, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Jessica Jeyanthi James Antony Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, P.O. Box 396, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institut of Ekosains Borneo, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, P.O. Box 396, Nyabau Road, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Eldred Anak Embu Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Nyabau Road, P.O. Box 396, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
  • Sreeramanan Subramaniam School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Georgetown, 11800, Penang Malaysia

Keywords:

Apical buds, Ficus carica L.cv Siyah Orak, leaf segment, nodal segment, thin cell layer

Abstract

Ficus carica Linnaeus is a flowering plant under the Moraceae family, usually propagated conventionally from cuttings due to the seeds being non-viable. However, this method is prone to diseases, and pests, time-consuming and space-intensive. Therefore, other methods are needed to overcome these issues. This study was conducted to induce callus and multiple shoots via plant tissue culture techniques enabling mass production of fig plants. Initially, leaf segments of Ficus carica L. cv Siyah Orak were cultured on different MS media strengths (¼, ½, ¾,1 MS) to induce callus. The highest callus means weight was observed on explant cultured in ¾ MS media (875±0.036). Callus was proliferated by subculturing explant into ¾ MS media supplemented with different concentrations of TDZ (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L). MS media (3/4) supplemented with 2.0 mg/L TDZ (920±0.03) shows the best result for callus proliferation. Callus induction using transverse and longitudinal thin cell layers from nodal segments cultured on different MS media strengths (¼, ½, ¾,1 MS) shows ¼ MS as the optimum media for both tTCL (100±0) and lTCL (96.7±0.15). Friable callus (%) was observed the highest on ½ MS (63.33±0.55) and ¼ MS (76.67±0.50) media for both tTCL and lTCL, respectively. As for the number of leaves produced, both tTCL (0.83±0.0.28) and lTCL (1.00±0.33) explant showed the best results in ¼ MS media. Apical buds produced the highest mean for both the number of leaves and length of the shoot on 1MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP (3.5±0.20, 13.73±0.66), respectively. For root formation (%) and number of roots, both show the best results in media supplemented with 2.5 mg/L IAA (10±0.31, 0.83±0.50). It can be concluded that the best shoot growth performance was observed from apical bud cultured on 1MS media supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BAP+ 2.5 mg/L IAA.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Avato, P., Fortunato, I. M., Ruta, C. & D'Elia, R. 2005. Glandular hairs and essential oils in micropropagated plants of Salvia officinalis L. Plant Science, 169(1): 29-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.02.004

Borthakur, A., Das, S. C., Kalita, M. C. & Sen, P. 2011. In vitro plant regeneration from apical buds of Albizza odoratissima (L.f.) Benth. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2(5): 457-464.

Chan Hong, E., Lynn, C.B. & Subramaniam, S. 2020. Development of plantlet regeneration pathway using in vitro leaf of Ficus carica L. cv. Panachee supported with histological analysis. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 27: 9-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101697

Da Silva, J. a. T. & Dobránszki, J. 2019. Recent advances and novelties in the thin cell layer-based plant biotechnology - a mini-review. Biotechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology, Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology, 100(1): 89-96. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/bta.2019.83215

Dhage, S.S., Chimote, V.P., Pawar, B.D., Kale, A.A., Pawar, S.V. & Jadhav, A.S. 2015. Development of an efficient in vitro regeneration protocol in fig (Ficus carica L.). Journal of Applied Horticulture, 17(02): 160-164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2015.v17i02.30

Groll, J., Mycock, D. & Gray, V.M. 2002. Effect of Medium Salt Concentration on Differentiation and Maturation of Somatic Embryos of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Annals of Botany, 89(5): 645-648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcf095

Lee, Y.J., Sriskanda, D., Subramaniam, S. & Chew, B.L. 2022. The Effects of Banana, Potato, And Coconut Water in The Regeneration of Ficus carica cv. Japanese BTM 6. Malaysian Applied Biology, 51(1): 163-170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v51i1.2157

Liu, J., Feng, H., Ma, Y., Zhang, L., Han, H. & Huang, X. 2018. Effects of different plant hormones on callus induction and plant regeneration of miniature roses (Rosa hybrida L.). Horticulture International Journal, 2(4): 201-206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/hij.2018.02.00053

Long, Y., Yang, Y., Pan, G. & Shen, Y. 2022. New Insights into Tissue Culture Plant-Regeneration Mechanisms. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13: 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.926752

Mawa, S., Husain, K. & Jantan, I. 2013. Ficus carica L. (Moraceae): Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Biological Activities. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine, 2013: 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/974256

Parab, A.R., Chew, B.L., Yeow, L.C. & Subramaniam, S. 2021. Organogenesis on apical buds in common fig (Ficus carica) var. Black Jack. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 54: 69-76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.10.001

Pereira, C., Serradilla, M.J., Martín, A., Villalobos M.C., Pérez-Gragera, F. & López-Corrales, M. 2015. Agronomic behaviour and quality of six cultivars for fresh consumption. Scientia Horticulturae, 185: 121-128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.01.026

Sa'adan, H. & Zainuddin, Z. 2020. Callus induction from leaf explant of Ficus deltoidea Varkunstleri. Science Heritage Journal, 4(1): 6-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26480/gws.01.2020.06.08

Sahraroo, A., Zarei, A. & Babalar, M. 2019. In vitro regeneration of the isolated shoot apical meristem of two commercial fig cultivars 'Sabz' and 'Jaami-e-Kan.' Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 17: 743-749. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2019.01.024

Soliman, H.I.A., Gabr, M.F. & Abdallah, N.A. 2010. Efficient transformation and regeneration of fig (Ficus carica L.) via somatic embryogenesis. GM Crops, 1(1): 40-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4161/gmcr.1.1.10632

Sriskanda, D., Liew, Y. X., Khor, S.P., Merican, F., Subramaniam, S. & Chew, B.L. 2021. An efficient micropropagation protocol for Ficus carica cv. Golden Orphan suitable for mass propagation. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 38: 2-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102225

Titov, S., Bhowmik, S.K., Mandal, A., Alam, S. & Uddin, S.N. 2006. Control of phenolic compound secretion and effect of growth regulators for organ formation from Musa spp. cv. Kanthali floral bud explants. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2(3): 97-104. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2006.97.104

Tripathi, D., Kumar, K. & Kumar, S. 2018. An improved thin cell layer culture system for efficient clonal propagation and in vitro withanolide production in a medicinal plant Withania coagulans Dunal. Industrial Crops and Products, 119: 172-182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.04.012

Wani, S.J., Kagdi, I.A., Tamboli, P.S., Nirmalla, V.S., Patil, S.N. & Sidhu, A.K. 2014. Optimization of MS media for callus and suspension culture of Costus pictus. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 5(2): 390-394.

Weiblen, G.D. 2002. How to be a fig wasp. Annual Review of Entomology, 47(1): 299-330. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145213

Published

15-12-2023

How to Cite

Justin, M., James Antony, J. J., Embu, . E. A. ., & Subramaniam, S. . (2023). Optimization of Different Auxin and Cytokinin Combination in Nutrient Medium for Establishment of Optimal in vitro Multiple Plantlet in Ficus carica L. cv Siyah Orak. Malaysian Applied Biology, 52(5), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.55230/mabjournal.v52i5.cp19